Food preparation

You grate food by rubbing it against a grater. A grater is a board that has lots of holes in it with sharp edges, and it scrapes small pieces of the food off with these sharp holes. The result is a pile of finely grated food.
The most commonly grated foods are cheese and carrots.

Gut is a slang word for your stomach and intestines or just that part of your body - the man in the picture has a large gut.
When you are preparing a whole animal to be cooked, the process of gutting it is the process of removing its internal organs, including its stomach and intestines.

Julienning is a way of cutting food into thin, even sized pieces that are similar in size to matchsticks. Hard vegetables like carrots are most frequently julienned.

A marinade is the liquid used to marinate food. soy sauce is a popular marinade.

When you mash something, you change its consistency to be soft and mushy, but not completely smooth. The most common kind of food that is mashed is boiled potato, which is mashed with milk and butter and called simply mashed potato.

Minced meat, or ground meat, is meat that has been cut into very small pieces by a mincing machine. Meat is not the only thing that can be minced, but is prepared this way so often that it can be referred to just as mince alone.

The outermost layer of fruit or vegetables is called the peel. Some fruits and vegetables have a soft peel that you can eat, but many have a hard or bitter peel. For most fruits and vegetables you use a peeler to remove the peel, but some fruits like bananas and mandarins have peels that are easy to remove with just your fingers.
You can peel anything that has a removable outer layer, not just food, but the term is most often used in relation to fruit and vegetables.

Piping is a method of cooking or baking where an ingredient such as dough or frosting is put in a bag and pushed out of a narrow hole that allows the cook to make pretty shapes or decorations.

You puree food by pushing it through a sieve or putting it into a blender so it becomes a thick liquid, without any lumps.

A recipe is a list of ingredients and instructions for preparing a meal.