A cup or mug is very similar to a glass. All three are used to drink from. Glasses are transparent so you can see what is inside, and mugs have a handle on the side to help hold them. People usually drink hot drinks from cups with handles.
Golden syrup is a type of pale treacle, made during the sugar refining process. It looks like honey and can be used in recipes the same way, or just used if you don't like honey.
Tomato ketchup, catsup, or just tomato sauce, is a thick, redsauce made mostly from tomatoes, sugar and vinegar.
Ketchup is used on hotdogs, chips and on any other meal you think will taste nice with some ketchup on it.
Baby seals, dogs, wolves and babies of some kinds of rodent are called pups. When you are talking about pups of a domestic dog, you usually call them puppies.
A teacup is a small cup with a handle that is usually used for drinking tea. Teacups are often rested on a saucer. Teacups usually come in a set with saucers and a matching teapot.
Up is a direction. You go up when you go higher. The person in the picture has just climbed up the ladder and is now sitting at the top. The opposite of up is down.