An advertisement a way of communicating with people, usually through pictures, video and/or text, that makes them do something. Advertising is most often used to try and convince people to buy something. Advertising can also be used to try and convince people to do something, like go see a particular movie, or to quit smoking.
An argument is a kind of conversation where two or more people who disagree with each other all put forward the reasons for their side of an argument. A structured argument is usually called a debate, and an argument that gets very heated can turn into a fight.
A banner is similar to a flag, usually being made from fabric and carrying some kind of message. Banners tend to be hung where a lot of people can see them.
A billboard is a very, very large outdoor advertisement. Billboards are usually put near busy roads, so that people driving past in cars can see them from a long way away.
A book is made of many sheets of paper or parchment, bound together down one side. Each sheet is called a leaf, and each side of a leaf is called a page. Books can have lots of pictures or just words. They might have a story in them that is all true (non-fiction) or a story that someone has made up (fiction). Reading books is a hobby a lot of people enjoy.
A conversation is when two or more people talk casually to each other. Conversations may be about anything, from the weather to a heated discussion about politics.