Used as a verb, you bump into something when you hit it, but not especially hard. You might bump your knee on your coffee table if you are walking around your living room in the dark.
As a noun, a bump is a raised, slightly rounded area on something else. The stone pillar in the picture has a lot of bumps carved into it.
A clump is a group of similar things, very close together and hard to separate. The picture is of a clump of yellow flowers.
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Plump means a little fat, but in a good way.
People often describe baby animals as plump.
A pump is a device used to move around fluids like water from place to place. Pumps are commonly used to get water out from below the ground. They can be hand driven, like the pump in the picture, wind driven, or driven by a motor.
An animal's rump is its fleshy hindquarters, bottom or buttocks. A cut of meat taken from an animal's rump may have the same name, for example rump steak.