A very windy storm without much rain can blow a lot of dirt up off the ground and into the air. This is called a dust storm. Sometimes there is so much dust in the air you cannot see very far at all.
A flood is water covering or submerging land. Floods can happen when it rains faster than the ground can soak up the water or let it run away, or by a rising river that bursts its banks. Floods can also be caused by very high tides or storms that push seawater inland.
Frost happens when it gets cold enough for water to freeze. Frosts usually happen overnight, and in the morning there will be small ice crystals covering everything.
Frost can kill many kinds of plants, especially young seedlings.
Hail happens during very cold storms. Hailstones are lumps of ice that fall from the clouds. Hailstones can be quite big, and can do a lot of damage to things they hit.
Lightning is a discharge of static electricity during a thunderstorm. Thunder is actually the sound of the lightning, but if you are a long way away from the lightning it may take a while for the thunderclap to reach you.
Lightning is caused by a similar process to being 'zapped' when you touch a car after a drive, or if you scuff your feet along carpet and then touch someone. Lightning is on a much larger scale though, and being hit by lightning can kill you.
Mist is made from tiny droplets of water hanging in the air. You see mist when it is foggy outside, or around a waterfall or anywhere else that water is being sprayed.
Clouds are made out of tiny droplets of water. As a cloud gets bigger and bigger, the droplets join up and become bigger too. Eventually the droplets get too big and heavy to stay up in the air, and they fall as rain.
